nes-proj/os/net/rpl-lite/rpl-ext-header.c

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/*
* Copyright (c) 2009, Swedish Institute of Computer Science.
* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* 3. Neither the name of the Institute nor the names of its contributors
* may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
* without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE INSTITUTE AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
* ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE INSTITUTE OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
* OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
* OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
* SUCH DAMAGE.
*
* This file is part of the Contiki operating system.
*/
/**
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* \addtogroup rpl-lite
* @{
*
* \file
* Management of extension headers for ContikiRPL.
*
* \author Vincent Brillault <vincent.brillault@imag.fr>,
* Joakim Eriksson <joakime@sics.se>,
* Niclas Finne <nfi@sics.se>,
* Nicolas Tsiftes <nvt@sics.se>,
* Simon Duquennoy <simon.duquennoy@inria.fr>
*/
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#include "net/rpl-lite/rpl.h"
#include "net/packetbuf.h"
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/* Log configuration */
#include "sys/log.h"
#define LOG_MODULE "RPL"
#define LOG_LEVEL LOG_LEVEL_RPL
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#define UIP_IP_BUF ((struct uip_ip_hdr *)&uip_buf[UIP_LLH_LEN])
#define UIP_EXT_BUF ((struct uip_ext_hdr *)&uip_buf[uip_l2_l3_hdr_len])
#define UIP_HBHO_BUF ((struct uip_hbho_hdr *)&uip_buf[uip_l2_l3_hdr_len])
#define UIP_HBHO_NEXT_BUF ((struct uip_ext_hdr *)&uip_buf[uip_l2_l3_hdr_len + RPL_HOP_BY_HOP_LEN])
#define UIP_RH_BUF ((struct uip_routing_hdr *)&uip_buf[uip_l2_l3_hdr_len])
#define UIP_RPL_SRH_BUF ((struct uip_rpl_srh_hdr *)&uip_buf[uip_l2_l3_hdr_len + RPL_RH_LEN])
#define UIP_EXT_HDR_OPT_BUF ((struct uip_ext_hdr_opt *)&uip_buf[uip_l2_l3_hdr_len + uip_ext_opt_offset])
#define UIP_EXT_HDR_OPT_PADN_BUF ((struct uip_ext_hdr_opt_padn *)&uip_buf[uip_l2_l3_hdr_len + uip_ext_opt_offset])
#define UIP_EXT_HDR_OPT_RPL_BUF ((struct uip_ext_hdr_opt_rpl *)&uip_buf[uip_l2_l3_hdr_len + uip_ext_opt_offset])
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int
rpl_ext_header_srh_get_next_hop(uip_ipaddr_t *ipaddr)
{
uint8_t *uip_next_hdr;
int last_uip_ext_len = uip_ext_len;
rpl_ns_node_t *dest_node;
rpl_ns_node_t *root_node;
uip_ext_len = 0;
uip_next_hdr = &UIP_IP_BUF->proto;
/* Look for routing header */
while(uip_next_hdr != NULL && *uip_next_hdr != UIP_PROTO_ROUTING) {
switch(*uip_next_hdr) {
case UIP_PROTO_HBHO:
case UIP_PROTO_DESTO:
/*
* As per RFC 2460, only the Hop-by-Hop Options header and
* Destination Options header can appear before the Routing header.
*/
uip_next_hdr = &UIP_EXT_BUF->next;
uip_ext_len += (UIP_EXT_BUF->len << 3) + 8;
break;
default:
uip_next_hdr = NULL;
break;
}
}
if(!rpl_is_addr_in_our_dag(&UIP_IP_BUF->destipaddr)) {
return 0;
}
root_node = rpl_ns_get_node(&curr_instance.dag.dag_id);
dest_node = rpl_ns_get_node(&UIP_IP_BUF->destipaddr);
if((uip_next_hdr != NULL && *uip_next_hdr == UIP_PROTO_ROUTING
&& UIP_RH_BUF->routing_type == RPL_RH_TYPE_SRH) ||
(dest_node != NULL && root_node != NULL &&
dest_node->parent == root_node)) {
/* Routing header found or the packet destined for a direct child of the root.
* The next hop should be already copied as the IPv6 destination
* address, via rpl_ext_header_srh_update. We turn this address into a link-local to enable
* forwarding to next hop */
uip_ipaddr_copy(ipaddr, &UIP_IP_BUF->destipaddr);
uip_create_linklocal_prefix(ipaddr);
uip_ext_len = last_uip_ext_len;
return 1;
}
LOG_DBG("no SRH found\n");
uip_ext_len = last_uip_ext_len;
return 0;
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int
rpl_ext_header_srh_update(void)
{
uint8_t *uip_next_hdr;
int last_uip_ext_len = uip_ext_len;
uint8_t cmpri, cmpre;
uint8_t ext_len;
uint8_t padding;
uint8_t path_len;
uint8_t segments_left;
uip_ipaddr_t current_dest_addr;
uip_ext_len = 0;
uip_next_hdr = &UIP_IP_BUF->proto;
/* Look for routing header */
while(uip_next_hdr != NULL && *uip_next_hdr != UIP_PROTO_ROUTING) {
switch(*uip_next_hdr) {
case UIP_PROTO_HBHO:
case UIP_PROTO_DESTO:
/*
* As per RFC 2460, only the Hop-by-Hop Options header and
* Destination Options header can appear before the Routing header.
*/
uip_next_hdr = &UIP_EXT_BUF->next;
uip_ext_len += (UIP_EXT_BUF->len << 3) + 8;
break;
default:
uip_next_hdr = NULL;
break;
}
}
if(uip_next_hdr == NULL || *uip_next_hdr != UIP_PROTO_ROUTING
|| UIP_RH_BUF->routing_type != RPL_RH_TYPE_SRH) {
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LOG_INFO("SRH not found\n");
uip_ext_len = last_uip_ext_len;
return 0;
}
/* Parse SRH */
segments_left = UIP_RH_BUF->seg_left;
ext_len = (UIP_RH_BUF->len * 8) + 8;
cmpri = UIP_RPL_SRH_BUF->cmpr >> 4;
cmpre = UIP_RPL_SRH_BUF->cmpr & 0x0f;
padding = UIP_RPL_SRH_BUF->pad >> 4;
path_len = ((ext_len - padding - RPL_RH_LEN - RPL_SRH_LEN - (16 - cmpre)) / (16 - cmpri)) + 1;
(void)path_len;
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LOG_INFO("read SRH, path len %u, segments left %u, Cmpri %u, Cmpre %u, ext len %u (padding %u)\n",
path_len, segments_left, cmpri, cmpre, ext_len, padding);
/* Update SRH in-place */
if(segments_left == 0) {
/* We are the final destination, do nothing */
} else {
uint8_t i = path_len - segments_left; /* The index of the next address to be visited */
uint8_t *addr_ptr = ((uint8_t *)UIP_RH_BUF) + RPL_RH_LEN + RPL_SRH_LEN + (i * (16 - cmpri));
uint8_t cmpr = segments_left == 1 ? cmpre : cmpri;
/* As per RFC6554: swap the IPv6 destination address with address[i] */
/* First, copy the current IPv6 destination address */
uip_ipaddr_copy(&current_dest_addr, &UIP_IP_BUF->destipaddr);
/* Second, update the IPv6 destination address with addresses[i] */
memcpy(((uint8_t *)&UIP_IP_BUF->destipaddr) + cmpr, addr_ptr, 16 - cmpr);
/* Third, write current_dest_addr to addresses[i] */
memcpy(addr_ptr, ((uint8_t *)&current_dest_addr) + cmpr, 16 - cmpr);
/* Update segments left field */
UIP_RH_BUF->seg_left--;
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LOG_INFO("SRH next hop ");
LOG_INFO_6ADDR(&UIP_IP_BUF->destipaddr);
LOG_INFO_("\n");
}
uip_ext_len = last_uip_ext_len;
return 1;
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Utility function for SRH. Counts the number of bytes in common between
* two addresses at p1 and p2. */
static int
count_matching_bytes(const void *p1, const void *p2, size_t n)
{
int i = 0;
for(i = 0; i < n; i++) {
if(((uint8_t *)p1)[i] != ((uint8_t *)p2)[i]) {
return i;
}
}
return n;
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Used by rpl_ext_header_update to insert a RPL SRH extension header. This
* is used at the root, to initiate downward routing. Returns 1 on success,
* 0 on failure.
*/
static int
insert_srh_header(void)
{
/* Implementation of RFC6554 */
uint8_t temp_len;
uint8_t path_len;
uint8_t ext_len;
uint8_t cmpri, cmpre; /* ComprI and ComprE fields of the RPL Source Routing Header */
uint8_t *hop_ptr;
uint8_t padding;
rpl_ns_node_t *dest_node;
rpl_ns_node_t *root_node;
rpl_ns_node_t *node;
uip_ipaddr_t node_addr;
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LOG_INFO("SRH creating source routing header with destination ");
LOG_INFO_6ADDR(&UIP_IP_BUF->destipaddr);
LOG_INFO_(" \n");
/* Construct source route. We do not do this recursively to keep the runtime stack usage constant. */
/* Get link of the destination and root */
if(!rpl_is_addr_in_our_dag(&UIP_IP_BUF->destipaddr)) {
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/* The destination is not in our DAG, skip SRH insertion */
LOG_INFO("SRH destination not in our DAG, skip SRH insertion\n");
return 1;
}
dest_node = rpl_ns_get_node(&UIP_IP_BUF->destipaddr);
if(dest_node == NULL) {
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/* The destination is not found, skip SRH insertion */
LOG_INFO("SRH node not found, skip SRH insertion\n");
return 1;
}
root_node = rpl_ns_get_node(&curr_instance.dag.dag_id);
if(root_node == NULL) {
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LOG_ERR("SRH root node not found\n");
return 0;
}
if(!rpl_ns_is_addr_reachable(&UIP_IP_BUF->destipaddr)) {
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LOG_ERR("SRH no path found to destination\n");
return 0;
}
/* Compute path length and compression factors (we use cmpri == cmpre) */
path_len = 0;
node = dest_node->parent;
/* For simplicity, we use cmpri = cmpre */
cmpri = 15;
cmpre = 15;
/* Note that in case of a direct child (node == root_node), we insert
SRH anyway, as RFC 6553 mandates that routed datagrams must include
SRH or the RPL option (or both) */
while(node != NULL && node != root_node) {
rpl_ns_get_node_global_addr(&node_addr, node);
/* How many bytes in common between all nodes in the path? */
cmpri = MIN(cmpri, count_matching_bytes(&node_addr, &UIP_IP_BUF->destipaddr, 16));
cmpre = cmpri;
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LOG_INFO("SRH Hop ");
LOG_INFO_6ADDR(&node_addr);
LOG_INFO_("\n");
node = node->parent;
path_len++;
}
/* Extension header length: fixed headers + (n-1) * (16-ComprI) + (16-ComprE)*/
ext_len = RPL_RH_LEN + RPL_SRH_LEN
+ (path_len - 1) * (16 - cmpre)
+ (16 - cmpri);
padding = ext_len % 8 == 0 ? 0 : (8 - (ext_len % 8));
ext_len += padding;
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LOG_INFO("SRH path len: %u, ComprI %u, ComprE %u, ext len %u (padding %u)\n",
path_len, cmpri, cmpre, ext_len, padding);
/* Check if there is enough space to store the extension header */
if(uip_len + ext_len > UIP_BUFSIZE) {
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LOG_ERR("packet too long: impossible to add source routing header (%u bytes)\n", ext_len);
return 0;
}
/* Move existing ext headers and payload uip_ext_len further */
memmove(uip_buf + uip_l2_l3_hdr_len + ext_len,
uip_buf + uip_l2_l3_hdr_len, uip_len - UIP_IPH_LEN);
memset(uip_buf + uip_l2_l3_hdr_len, 0, ext_len);
/* Insert source routing header */
UIP_RH_BUF->next = UIP_IP_BUF->proto;
UIP_IP_BUF->proto = UIP_PROTO_ROUTING;
/* Initialize IPv6 Routing Header */
UIP_RH_BUF->len = (ext_len - 8) / 8;
UIP_RH_BUF->routing_type = RPL_RH_TYPE_SRH;
UIP_RH_BUF->seg_left = path_len;
/* Initialize RPL Source Routing Header */
UIP_RPL_SRH_BUF->cmpr = (cmpri << 4) + cmpre;
UIP_RPL_SRH_BUF->pad = padding << 4;
/* Initialize addresses field (the actual source route).
* From last to first. */
node = dest_node;
hop_ptr = ((uint8_t *)UIP_RH_BUF) + ext_len - padding; /* Pointer where to write the next hop compressed address */
while(node != NULL && node->parent != root_node) {
rpl_ns_get_node_global_addr(&node_addr, node);
hop_ptr -= (16 - cmpri);
memcpy(hop_ptr, ((uint8_t*)&node_addr) + cmpri, 16 - cmpri);
node = node->parent;
}
/* The next hop (i.e. node whose parent is the root) is placed as the current IPv6 destination */
rpl_ns_get_node_global_addr(&node_addr, node);
uip_ipaddr_copy(&UIP_IP_BUF->destipaddr, &node_addr);
/* In-place update of IPv6 length field */
temp_len = UIP_IP_BUF->len[1];
UIP_IP_BUF->len[1] += ext_len;
if(UIP_IP_BUF->len[1] < temp_len) {
UIP_IP_BUF->len[0]++;
}
uip_ext_len += ext_len;
uip_len += ext_len;
return 1;
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int
rpl_ext_header_hbh_update(int uip_ext_opt_offset)
{
int down;
int rank_error_signaled;
int loop_detected;
uint16_t sender_rank;
uint8_t sender_closer;
rpl_nbr_t *sender;
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uint8_t opt_type = UIP_EXT_HDR_OPT_RPL_BUF->opt_type;
uint8_t opt_len = UIP_EXT_HDR_OPT_RPL_BUF->opt_len;
if(UIP_HBHO_BUF->len != ((RPL_HOP_BY_HOP_LEN - 8) / 8)
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|| opt_type != UIP_EXT_HDR_OPT_RPL
|| opt_len != RPL_HDR_OPT_LEN) {
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LOG_ERR("hop-by-hop extension header has wrong size or type (%u %u %u)\n",
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UIP_HBHO_BUF->len, opt_type, opt_len);
return 0; /* Drop */
}
if(!curr_instance.used || curr_instance.instance_id != UIP_EXT_HDR_OPT_RPL_BUF->instance) {
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LOG_ERR("unknown instance: %u\n",
UIP_EXT_HDR_OPT_RPL_BUF->instance);
return 0; /* Drop */
}
if(UIP_EXT_HDR_OPT_RPL_BUF->flags & RPL_HDR_OPT_FWD_ERR) {
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LOG_ERR("forward error!\n");
return 0; /* Drop */
}
down = (UIP_EXT_HDR_OPT_RPL_BUF->flags & RPL_HDR_OPT_DOWN) ? 1 : 0;
sender_rank = UIP_HTONS(UIP_EXT_HDR_OPT_RPL_BUF->senderrank);
sender = nbr_table_get_from_lladdr(rpl_neighbors, packetbuf_addr(PACKETBUF_ADDR_SENDER));
rank_error_signaled = (UIP_EXT_HDR_OPT_RPL_BUF->flags & RPL_HDR_OPT_RANK_ERR) ? 1 : 0;
sender_closer = sender_rank < curr_instance.dag.rank;
loop_detected = (down && !sender_closer) || (!down && sender_closer);
LOG_INFO("ext hdr: packet from ");
LOG_INFO_6ADDR(&UIP_IP_BUF->srcipaddr);
LOG_INFO_(" to ");
LOG_INFO_6ADDR(&UIP_IP_BUF->destipaddr);
LOG_INFO_(" going %s, sender closer %d (%d < %d), rank error %u, loop detected %u\n",
down == 1 ? "down" : "up", sender_closer, sender_rank,
curr_instance.dag.rank, rank_error_signaled, loop_detected);
if(loop_detected) {
/* Set forward error flag */
UIP_EXT_HDR_OPT_RPL_BUF->flags |= RPL_HDR_OPT_RANK_ERR;
}
return rpl_process_hbh(sender, sender_rank, loop_detected, rank_error_signaled);
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* In-place update of the RPL HBH extension header, when already present
* in the uIP packet. Used by insert_hbh_header and rpl_ext_header_update.
* Returns 1 on success, 0 on failure. */
static int
update_hbh_header(void)
{
int uip_ext_opt_offset;
int last_uip_ext_len;
last_uip_ext_len = uip_ext_len;
uip_ext_len = 0;
uip_ext_opt_offset = 2;
if(UIP_IP_BUF->proto == UIP_PROTO_HBHO && UIP_EXT_HDR_OPT_RPL_BUF->opt_type == UIP_EXT_HDR_OPT_RPL) {
if(UIP_HBHO_BUF->len != ((RPL_HOP_BY_HOP_LEN - 8) / 8)
|| UIP_EXT_HDR_OPT_RPL_BUF->opt_len != RPL_HDR_OPT_LEN) {
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LOG_ERR("hop-by-hop extension header has wrong size (%u %u)\n",
UIP_EXT_HDR_OPT_RPL_BUF->opt_len, uip_ext_len);
return 0; /* Drop */
}
if(!curr_instance.used || curr_instance.instance_id != UIP_EXT_HDR_OPT_RPL_BUF->instance) {
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LOG_ERR("unable to add/update hop-by-hop extension header: incorrect instance\n");
uip_ext_len = last_uip_ext_len;
return 0; /* Drop */
}
/* Update sender rank and instance, will update flags next */
UIP_EXT_HDR_OPT_RPL_BUF->senderrank = UIP_HTONS(curr_instance.dag.rank);
UIP_EXT_HDR_OPT_RPL_BUF->instance = curr_instance.instance_id;
}
uip_ext_len = last_uip_ext_len;
return 1;
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Used by rpl_ext_header_update on packets without an HBH extension header,
* for packets initated by non-root nodes.
* Inserts and initalizes (via update_hbh_header) a RPL HBH ext header.
* Returns 1 on success, 0 on failure. */
static int
insert_hbh_header(void)
{
int uip_ext_opt_offset;
int last_uip_ext_len;
uint8_t temp_len;
last_uip_ext_len = uip_ext_len;
uip_ext_len = 0;
uip_ext_opt_offset = 2;
/* Insert hop-by-hop header */
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LOG_INFO("creating hop-by-hop option\n");
if(uip_len + RPL_HOP_BY_HOP_LEN > UIP_BUFSIZE) {
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LOG_ERR("packet too long: impossible to add hop-by-hop option\n");
uip_ext_len = last_uip_ext_len;
return 0;
}
/* Move existing ext headers and payload UIP_EXT_BUF further */
memmove(UIP_HBHO_NEXT_BUF, UIP_EXT_BUF, uip_len - UIP_IPH_LEN);
memset(UIP_HBHO_BUF, 0, RPL_HOP_BY_HOP_LEN);
/* Update IP and HBH protocol and fields */
UIP_HBHO_BUF->next = UIP_IP_BUF->proto;
UIP_IP_BUF->proto = UIP_PROTO_HBHO;
/* Initialize HBH option */
UIP_HBHO_BUF->len = (RPL_HOP_BY_HOP_LEN - 8) / 8;
UIP_EXT_HDR_OPT_RPL_BUF->opt_type = UIP_EXT_HDR_OPT_RPL;
UIP_EXT_HDR_OPT_RPL_BUF->opt_len = RPL_HDR_OPT_LEN;
UIP_EXT_HDR_OPT_RPL_BUF->flags = 0;
UIP_EXT_HDR_OPT_RPL_BUF->senderrank = UIP_HTONS(curr_instance.dag.rank);
UIP_EXT_HDR_OPT_RPL_BUF->instance = curr_instance.instance_id;
uip_len += RPL_HOP_BY_HOP_LEN;
temp_len = UIP_IP_BUF->len[1];
UIP_IP_BUF->len[1] += RPL_HOP_BY_HOP_LEN;
if(UIP_IP_BUF->len[1] < temp_len) {
UIP_IP_BUF->len[0]++;
}
uip_ext_len = last_uip_ext_len + RPL_HOP_BY_HOP_LEN;
/* Update header before returning */
return update_hbh_header();
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int
rpl_ext_header_update(void)
{
if(!curr_instance.used
|| uip_is_addr_linklocal(&UIP_IP_BUF->destipaddr)
|| uip_is_addr_mcast(&UIP_IP_BUF->destipaddr)) {
return 1;
}
if(rpl_dag_root_is_root()) {
/* At the root, remove headers if any, and insert SRH or HBH
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* (SRH is inserted only if the destination is down the DODAG) */
rpl_ext_header_remove();
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/* Insert SRH (if needed) */
return insert_srh_header();
} else {
if(uip_ds6_is_my_addr(&UIP_IP_BUF->srcipaddr)
&& UIP_IP_BUF->ttl == uip_ds6_if.cur_hop_limit) {
/* Insert HBH option at source. Checking the address is not sufficient because
* in non-storing mode, a packet may go up and then down the same path again */
return insert_hbh_header();
} else {
/* Update HBH option at forwarders */
return update_hbh_header();
}
}
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void
rpl_ext_header_remove(void)
{
uint8_t temp_len;
uint8_t rpl_ext_hdr_len;
uint8_t *uip_next_hdr;
uip_ext_len = 0;
uip_next_hdr = &UIP_IP_BUF->proto;
/* Look for hop-by-hop and routing headers */
while(uip_next_hdr != NULL) {
switch(*uip_next_hdr) {
case UIP_PROTO_HBHO:
case UIP_PROTO_ROUTING:
/* Remove hop-by-hop and routing headers */
*uip_next_hdr = UIP_EXT_BUF->next;
rpl_ext_hdr_len = (UIP_EXT_BUF->len * 8) + 8;
temp_len = UIP_IP_BUF->len[1];
uip_len -= rpl_ext_hdr_len;
UIP_IP_BUF->len[1] -= rpl_ext_hdr_len;
if(UIP_IP_BUF->len[1] > temp_len) {
UIP_IP_BUF->len[0]--;
}
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LOG_INFO("removing RPL extension header (type %u, len %u)\n", *uip_next_hdr, rpl_ext_hdr_len);
memmove(UIP_EXT_BUF, ((uint8_t *)UIP_EXT_BUF) + rpl_ext_hdr_len, uip_len - UIP_IPH_LEN);
break;
case UIP_PROTO_DESTO:
/*
* As per RFC 2460, any header other than the Destination
* Options header does not appear between the Hop-by-Hop
* Options header and the Routing header.
*
* We're moving to the next header only if uip_next_hdr has
* UIP_PROTO_DESTO. Otherwise, we'll return.
*/
/* Move to next header */
uip_next_hdr = &UIP_EXT_BUF->next;
uip_ext_len += (UIP_EXT_BUF->len << 3) + 8;
default:
return;
}
}
}
/** @}*/