This patch adds support for optionally building EFI binaries in
addition to Multiboot ELF binaries. It includes a script,
build_uefi.sh, that downloads tool and library sources from the EDK II
project, builds the GenFw tool that is used to create UEFI binaries,
and creates a makefile that is included from the main x86 common
makefile and enables UEFI support in the Contiki build system. If the
script is not run prior to building Contiki, then an informational
message will be displayed with instructions for running build_uefi.sh
if UEFI support is desired. This patch also adds the path to the
auto-generated makefile to .gitignore.
This patch modifies the linker script for the Intel Quark X1000 to
account for the output file section offsets and alignment expectations
of the EDK II GenFw project.
This patch also adds a newlib patch to remove the weak symbol
attribute from floating point stdio support routines. See
<newlib>/newlib/README for an explanation of how the newlib developers
intended for _printf_float and _scanf_float to be linked. Newlib
declares them as weak symbols with the intention that developers would
force them to be linked only when needed using a linker command line
option. However, some but not all Contiki programs require them, so
we cannot simply always include or exclude them. Instead, we remove
the weak symbol attributes and rely on the linker to automatically
determine whether or not they should be linked. This avoids an issue
in which weak symbols were undefined in the intermediate DLL generated
as part of the UEFI build process. That resulted in the GenFw program
emitting "ERROR 3000" messages when it encountered relocations
referencing such an undefined symbol.
Finally, this patch updates README.md to both make some revisions to
account for the UART support introduced in previous patches as well as
to provide instructions for using the UEFI support.
This patch modifies the newlib and Contiki C and C++ compiler flags to
omit exception handling unwind tables (see
http://wiki.dwarfstd.org/index.php?title=Exception_Handling).
Removing these tables saves space in debug builds and has not caused
any readily-apparent functional changes.
Here is the size listing for an example program built without this
patch:
text data bss dec hex filename
76002 1508 21224 98734 181ae all-timers.galileo
Here is the size listing for the same program with this patch:
text data bss dec hex filename
72918 1508 21224 95650 175a2 all-timers.galileo
The primary motivation for this patch is to help enable UEFI support.
The .eh_frame and .eh_frame_hdr sections that are otherwise generated
are treated as code sections by the EDK2 GenFw program, since they are
read-only alloc sections. They get grouped with the actual code
sections, ahead of the data sections. This perturbs symbols and
complicates debugging.
This patch adds -ffunction-sections and -fdata-sections to the
'release' CFLAGS so each function and data is place into its
own section in the output file. It also adds --gc-section to
the 'release' LDFLAGS so the linker removes the sections which
are not referenced.
This patch also adds -ffunction-sections and -fdata-sections
options to CFLAGS from build_newlib.sh. This increases newlib
static libraries size, however, the Contiki image shrinks even
more since --gc-section removes "dead code" from newlib.
As a practical effect, all unused function and data (as well as
sections such as .eh_frame) are striped out from the final elf
binary. This shrinks our release binary drastically.
Finally, to prevent --gc-section from removing .multiboot section,
this patch adds KEEP(*(.multiboot)) to quarkX1000.ld.
This patch enhances build_newlib.sh to create Makefile.libc so that
the main Galileo makefile can attempt to include Makefile.libc and
instruct the developer to run build_newlib.sh first if the definition
within Makefile.libc is not detected.
Ubuntu enables GCC's stack protector by default (see
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Security/Features). This causes link errors
like the following:
...undefined reference to `__stack_chk_fail'
To avoid these errors, this patch adds the "-fno-stack-protector" flag
to both the CFLAGS used by the Contiki build process and the CFLAGS
used by the newlib build process.
This patch the 'debug' rule to simplify the debugging process. This new
rule runs OpenOCD and gdb with the right parameters. OpenOCD runs in
background and its output will be redirected to a log file in the
application's path called LOG_OPENOCD. Once gdb client is detached,
OpenOCD is terminated.
The 'debug' rule is defined in Makefile.customrules-galileo file (create
by this patch) which is included by the Contiki's buildsystem. So to
debug a Contiki application for Galileo board, run the following command:
$ make TARGET=galileo debug
If you use a gdb front-end, you can define the "GDB" environment variable
and your gdb front-end will be used instead of default gdb. For instance,
if you want to use cgdb front-end, just run the command:
$ make BOARD=galileo debug GDB=cgdb
This patch creates the platform/galileo/bsp directory. This directory
contain all files related to Galileo's Board Support Package (BSP). For
now, the BSP consists of libc and bootloader.
Within the BSP directory, we have the scripts build_newlib.sh and build_
grub.sh. These scripts provide an easy and quick way to build the newlib
and the grub for the Galileo platform.
