nes-proj/core/net/rime/collect.c

/* XXX: send explicit congestion notification if already forwarding
   packet. */

/**
 * \addtogroup rimecollect
 * @{
 */

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2006, Swedish Institute of Computer Science.
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 3. Neither the name of the Institute nor the names of its contributors
 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
 *    without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE INSTITUTE AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE INSTITUTE OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 *
 * This file is part of the Contiki operating system.
 *
 * $Id: collect.c,v 1.33 2010/02/23 18:35:23 adamdunkels Exp $
 */

/**
 * \file
 *         Tree-based hop-by-hop reliable data collection
 * \author
 *         Adam Dunkels <adam@sics.se>
 */

#include "contiki.h"

#include "net/rime.h"
#include "net/rime/neighbor.h"
#include "net/rime/collect.h"

#include "net/rime/packetqueue.h"

#include "dev/radio-sensor.h"

#if CONTIKI_TARGET_NETSIM
#include "ether.h"
#endif

#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stddef.h>

static const struct packetbuf_attrlist attributes[] =
  {
    COLLECT_ATTRIBUTES
    PACKETBUF_ATTR_LAST
  };

#define NUM_RECENT_PACKETS 8

struct recent_packet {
  rimeaddr_t originator;
  rimeaddr_t sent_to;
  uint8_t seqno;
};

static struct recent_packet recent_packets[NUM_RECENT_PACKETS];
static uint8_t recent_packet_ptr;

#define FORWARD_PACKET_LIFETIME (CLOCK_SECOND * 16)
#define MAX_FORWARDING_QUEUE 6
PACKETQUEUE(forwarding_queue, MAX_FORWARDING_QUEUE);

#define SINK 0
#define RTMETRIC_MAX COLLECT_MAX_DEPTH

#define MAX_HOPLIM 10

#ifndef COLLECT_CONF_ANNOUNCEMENTS
#define COLLECT_ANNOUNCEMENTS 0
#else
#define COLLECT_ANNOUNCEMENTS COLLECT_CONF_ANNOUNCEMENTS
#endif /* COLLECT_CONF_ANNOUNCEMENTS */

#define DEBUG 0
#if DEBUG
#include <stdio.h>
#define PRINTF(...) printf(__VA_ARGS__)
#else
#define PRINTF(...)
#endif

/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
static void
send_queued_packet(void)
{
  struct queuebuf *q;
  struct neighbor *n;
  struct packetqueue_item *i;
  struct collect_conn *c;

  i = packetqueue_first(&forwarding_queue);
  if(i == NULL) {
      PRINTF("%d.%d: nothing on queue\n",
	     rimeaddr_node_addr.u8[0], rimeaddr_node_addr.u8[1]);
    /* No packet on the queue, so there is nothing for us to send. */
    return;
  }
  c = packetqueue_ptr(i);
  if(c == NULL) {
    /* c should not be NULL, but we check it just to be sure. */
    PRINTF("%d.%d: queue, c == NULL!\n",
	     rimeaddr_node_addr.u8[0], rimeaddr_node_addr.u8[1]);
    return;
  }
  
  if(c->forwarding) {
    /* If we are currently forwarding a packet, we wait until the
       packet is forwarded and try again then. */
    PRINTF("%d.%d: queue, c is forwarding\n",
	     rimeaddr_node_addr.u8[0], rimeaddr_node_addr.u8[1]);
    return;
  }

  q = packetqueue_queuebuf(i);
  if(q != NULL) {
    PRINTF("%d.%d: queue, q is on queue\n",
	   rimeaddr_node_addr.u8[0], rimeaddr_node_addr.u8[1]);
    queuebuf_to_packetbuf(q);
    
    n = neighbor_best();
    
    /* Don't send to the neighbor if it is the same neighbor that sent
       us the packet. */
    if(n != NULL && !rimeaddr_cmp(&n->addr, packetbuf_addr(PACKETBUF_ADDR_SENDER))) {
#if CONTIKI_TARGET_NETSIM
      ether_set_line(n->addr.u8[0], n->addr.u8[1]);
#endif /* CONTIKI_TARGET_NETSIM */
      PRINTF("%d.%d: sending packet to %d.%d\n",
	     rimeaddr_node_addr.u8[0], rimeaddr_node_addr.u8[1],
	     n->addr.u8[0], n->addr.u8[1]);
      
      c->forwarding = 1;
      runicast_send(&c->runicast_conn, &n->addr, packetbuf_attr(PACKETBUF_ATTR_MAX_REXMIT));
    } else {
      PRINTF("%d.%d: did not find any neighbor to forward to\n",
	     rimeaddr_node_addr.u8[0], rimeaddr_node_addr.u8[1]);
    }
  }
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
static void
update_rtmetric(struct collect_conn *tc)
{
  struct neighbor *n;

  /* We should only update the rtmetric if we are not the sink. */
  if(tc->rtmetric != SINK) {

    /* Find the neighbor with the lowest rtmetric. */
    n = neighbor_best();

    /* If n is NULL, we have no best neighbor. */
    if(n == NULL) {

      /* If we have don't have any neighbors, we set our rtmetric to
	 the maximum value to indicate that we do not have a route. */
      
      if(tc->rtmetric != RTMETRIC_MAX) {
	PRINTF("%d.%d: didn't find a best neighbor, setting rtmetric to max\n",
	       rimeaddr_node_addr.u8[0], rimeaddr_node_addr.u8[1]);
      }
      tc->rtmetric = RTMETRIC_MAX;
#if COLLECT_ANNOUNCEMENTS
      announcement_set_value(&tc->announcement, tc->rtmetric);
#else /* COLLECT_ANNOUNCEMENTS */
      neighbor_discovery_set_val(&tc->neighbor_discovery_conn, tc->rtmetric);
#endif /* COLLECT_ANNOUNCEMENTS */
    } else {

      /* We set our rtmetric to the rtmetric of our best neighbor plus
	 the expected transmissions to reach that neighbor. */
      if(n->rtmetric + neighbor_etx(n) != tc->rtmetric) {
	uint16_t old_rtmetric = tc->rtmetric;
	
	tc->rtmetric = n->rtmetric + neighbor_etx(n);

#if ! COLLECT_ANNOUNCEMENTS

        /*        neighbor_discovery_set_val(&tc->neighbor_discovery_conn, tc->rtmetric);*/
        
        /* If we get a significantly better rtmetric than we had
           before, we call neighbor_discovery_start to start a new
           period. */
        if(old_rtmetric >= tc->rtmetric + NEIGHBOR_ETX_SCALE + NEIGHBOR_ETX_SCALE / 2) {
          neighbor_discovery_start(&tc->neighbor_discovery_conn, tc->rtmetric);
        } else {
          neighbor_discovery_set_val(&tc->neighbor_discovery_conn, tc->rtmetric);
        }
#else /* ! COLLECT_ANNOUNCEMENTS */
	announcement_set_value(&tc->announcement, tc->rtmetric);
#endif /* ! COLLECT_ANNOUNCEMENTS */

	PRINTF("%d.%d: new rtmetric %d\n",
	       rimeaddr_node_addr.u8[0], rimeaddr_node_addr.u8[1],
	       tc->rtmetric);
	
	/* We got a new, working, route we send any queued packets we may have. */
	if(old_rtmetric == RTMETRIC_MAX) {
	  send_queued_packet();
	}
      }
    }
  }

  /*  DEBUG_PRINTF("%d: new rtmetric %d\n", node_id, rtmetric);*/
#if CONTIKI_TARGET_NETSIM
  {
    char buf[8];
    if(tc->rtmetric == RTMETRIC_MAX) {
      strcpy(buf, " ");
    } else {
      sprintf(buf, "%.1f", (float)tc->rtmetric / NEIGHBOR_ETX_SCALE);
    }
    ether_set_text(buf);
  }
#endif
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
static void
node_packet_received(struct runicast_conn *c, const rimeaddr_t *from,
		     uint8_t seqno)
{
  struct collect_conn *tc = (struct collect_conn *)
    ((char *)c - offsetof(struct collect_conn, runicast_conn));
  int i;
  struct neighbor *n;

  /* To protect against forwarding duplicate packets, we keep a list
     of recently forwarded packet seqnos. If the seqno of the current
     packet exists in the list, we drop the packet and increase the
     ETX of the neighbor we sent it to in the first place. */

  for(i = 0; i < NUM_RECENT_PACKETS; i++) {
    if(recent_packets[i].seqno == packetbuf_attr(PACKETBUF_ATTR_EPACKET_ID) &&
       rimeaddr_cmp(&recent_packets[i].originator,
		    packetbuf_addr(PACKETBUF_ADDR_ESENDER))) {
      PRINTF("%d.%d: dropping duplicate packet from %d.%d with seqno %d\n",
	     rimeaddr_node_addr.u8[0], rimeaddr_node_addr.u8[1],
	     recent_packets[i].originator.u8[0], recent_packets[i].originator.u8[1],
	     packetbuf_attr(PACKETBUF_ATTR_EPACKET_ID));
      n = neighbor_find(&recent_packets[i].sent_to);
      if(n != NULL) {
        neighbor_update_etx(n, neighbor_etx(n) + NEIGHBOR_ETX_SCALE * 4);
      }
      /* Drop the packet. */
      return;
    }
  }
  recent_packets[recent_packet_ptr].seqno = packetbuf_attr(PACKETBUF_ATTR_EPACKET_ID);
  rimeaddr_copy(&recent_packets[recent_packet_ptr].originator,
		packetbuf_addr(PACKETBUF_ADDR_ESENDER));
  n = neighbor_best();
  rimeaddr_copy(&recent_packets[recent_packet_ptr].sent_to,
		&n->addr);

  recent_packet_ptr = (recent_packet_ptr + 1) % NUM_RECENT_PACKETS;
  
  if(tc->rtmetric == SINK) {

    /* If we are the sink, we call the receive function. */
    
    PRINTF("%d.%d: sink received packet from %d.%d via %d.%d\n",
	   rimeaddr_node_addr.u8[0], rimeaddr_node_addr.u8[1],
	   packetbuf_addr(PACKETBUF_ADDR_ESENDER)->u8[0],
	   packetbuf_addr(PACKETBUF_ADDR_ESENDER)->u8[1],
	   from->u8[0], from->u8[1]);

    if(tc->cb->recv != NULL) {
      tc->cb->recv(packetbuf_addr(PACKETBUF_ADDR_ESENDER),
		   packetbuf_attr(PACKETBUF_ATTR_EPACKET_ID),
		   packetbuf_attr(PACKETBUF_ATTR_HOPS));
    }
    return;
  } else if(packetbuf_attr(PACKETBUF_ATTR_TTL) > 1 &&
	    tc->rtmetric != RTMETRIC_MAX) {

    /* If we are not the sink, we forward the packet to the best
       neighbor. */
    packetbuf_set_attr(PACKETBUF_ATTR_HOPS, packetbuf_attr(PACKETBUF_ATTR_HOPS) + 1);
    packetbuf_set_attr(PACKETBUF_ATTR_TTL, packetbuf_attr(PACKETBUF_ATTR_TTL) - 1);

        
    PRINTF("%d.%d: packet received from %d.%d via %d.%d, forwarding %d\n",
	   rimeaddr_node_addr.u8[0], rimeaddr_node_addr.u8[1],
	   packetbuf_addr(PACKETBUF_ADDR_ESENDER)->u8[0],
	   packetbuf_addr(PACKETBUF_ADDR_ESENDER)->u8[1],
	   from->u8[0], from->u8[1], tc->forwarding);

    if(packetqueue_enqueue_packetbuf(&forwarding_queue, FORWARD_PACKET_LIFETIME,
				     tc)) {
      send_queued_packet();
    } else {
      PRINTF("%d.%d: packet dropped: no queue buffer available\n",
	   rimeaddr_node_addr.u8[0], rimeaddr_node_addr.u8[1]);
    }
  } else if(packetbuf_attr(PACKETBUF_ATTR_TTL) <= 1) {
      PRINTF("%d.%d: packet dropped: ttl %d\n",
             rimeaddr_node_addr.u8[0], rimeaddr_node_addr.u8[1],
             packetbuf_attr(PACKETBUF_ATTR_TTL));
  }
  
  return;
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
static void
node_packet_sent(struct runicast_conn *c, const rimeaddr_t *to,
		 uint8_t transmissions)
{
  struct collect_conn *tc = (struct collect_conn *)
    ((char *)c - offsetof(struct collect_conn, runicast_conn));

  PRINTF("%d.%d: sent to %d.%d after %d retransmissions\n",
	 rimeaddr_node_addr.u8[0], rimeaddr_node_addr.u8[1],
	 to->u8[0], to->u8[1],
	 transmissions);

  
  tc->forwarding = 0;
  neighbor_update_etx(neighbor_find(to), transmissions);
  update_rtmetric(tc);

  /* Remove the first packet on the queue, the packet that was just sent. */
  packetqueue_dequeue(&forwarding_queue);

  /* Send the next packet in the queue, if any. */
  send_queued_packet();
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
static void
node_packet_timedout(struct runicast_conn *c, const rimeaddr_t *to,
		     uint8_t transmissions)
{
  struct collect_conn *tc = (struct collect_conn *)
    ((char *)c - offsetof(struct collect_conn, runicast_conn));

  PRINTF("%d.%d: timedout after %d retransmissions: packet dropped\n",
	 rimeaddr_node_addr.u8[0], rimeaddr_node_addr.u8[1], transmissions);
  
  tc->forwarding = 0;
  neighbor_timedout_etx(neighbor_find(to), transmissions);
  update_rtmetric(tc);

  /* Remove the first packet on the queue, the packet that just timed out. */
  packetqueue_dequeue(&forwarding_queue);

  /* Send the next packet in the queue, if any. */
  send_queued_packet();
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#if !COLLECT_ANNOUNCEMENTS
static void
adv_received(struct neighbor_discovery_conn *c, const rimeaddr_t *from,
	     uint16_t rtmetric)
{
  struct collect_conn *tc = (struct collect_conn *)
    ((char *)c - offsetof(struct collect_conn, neighbor_discovery_conn));
  struct neighbor *n;
  
  n = neighbor_find(from);

  if(n == NULL) {
    neighbor_add(from, rtmetric, 1);
  } else {
    neighbor_update(n, rtmetric);
    PRINTF("%d.%d: updating neighbor %d.%d, etx %d\n",
	   rimeaddr_node_addr.u8[0], rimeaddr_node_addr.u8[1],
	   n->addr.u8[0], n->addr.u8[1], rtmetric);
  }

  update_rtmetric(tc);
}
#else
static void
received_announcement(struct announcement *a, const rimeaddr_t *from,
		      uint16_t id, uint16_t value)
{
  struct collect_conn *tc = (struct collect_conn *)
    ((char *)a - offsetof(struct collect_conn, announcement));
  struct neighbor *n;
  
  n = neighbor_find(from);

  if(n == NULL) {
    neighbor_add(from, value, 1);
    PRINTF("%d.%d: new neighbor %d.%d, etx %d\n",
	   rimeaddr_node_addr.u8[0], rimeaddr_node_addr.u8[1],
	   from->u8[0], from->u8[1], value);
  } else {
    neighbor_update(n, value);
    PRINTF("%d.%d: updating neighbor %d.%d, etx %d\n",
	   rimeaddr_node_addr.u8[0], rimeaddr_node_addr.u8[1],
	   n->addr.u8[0], n->addr.u8[1], value);
  }

  update_rtmetric(tc);  
}
#endif /* !COLLECT_ANNOUNCEMENTS */
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
static const struct runicast_callbacks runicast_callbacks = {node_packet_received,
							     node_packet_sent,
							     node_packet_timedout};
#if !COLLECT_ANNOUNCEMENTS
static const struct neighbor_discovery_callbacks neighbor_discovery_callbacks =
  { adv_received, NULL};
#endif /* !COLLECT_ANNOUNCEMENTS */
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void
collect_open(struct collect_conn *tc, uint16_t channels,
	     const struct collect_callbacks *cb)
{
#if !COLLECT_ANNOUNCEMENTS
  neighbor_discovery_open(&tc->neighbor_discovery_conn, channels,
			  CLOCK_SECOND * 8,
			  CLOCK_SECOND * 32,
			  CLOCK_SECOND * 600,
			  &neighbor_discovery_callbacks);
#endif /* !COLLECT_ANNOUNCEMENTS */
  runicast_open(&tc->runicast_conn, channels + 1, &runicast_callbacks);
  channel_set_attributes(channels + 1, attributes);
  tc->rtmetric = RTMETRIC_MAX;
  tc->cb = cb;
#if COLLECT_ANNOUNCEMENTS
  announcement_register(&tc->announcement, channels, tc->rtmetric,
			received_announcement);
  announcement_listen(2);
#else
  neighbor_discovery_start(&tc->neighbor_discovery_conn, tc->rtmetric);
#endif /* COLLECT_ANNOUNCEMENTS */
  neighbor_init();
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void
collect_close(struct collect_conn *tc)
{
#if COLLECT_ANNOUNCEMENTS
  announcement_remove(&tc->announcement);
#else
  neighbor_discovery_close(&tc->neighbor_discovery_conn);
#endif /* COLLECT_ANNOUNCEMENTS */
  runicast_close(&tc->runicast_conn);
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void
collect_set_sink(struct collect_conn *tc, int should_be_sink)
{
  if(should_be_sink) {
    tc->rtmetric = SINK;
#if !COLLECT_ANNOUNCEMENTS
    neighbor_discovery_start(&tc->neighbor_discovery_conn, tc->rtmetric);
#endif /* !COLLECT_ANNOUNCEMENTS */
  } else {
    tc->rtmetric = RTMETRIC_MAX;
  }
#if COLLECT_ANNOUNCEMENTS
  announcement_set_value(&tc->announcement, tc->rtmetric);
#endif /* COLLECT_ANNOUNCEMENTS */
  update_rtmetric(tc);
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int
collect_send(struct collect_conn *tc, int rexmits)
{
  struct neighbor *n;
  
  packetbuf_set_attr(PACKETBUF_ATTR_EPACKET_ID, tc->seqno++);
  packetbuf_set_addr(PACKETBUF_ADDR_ESENDER, &rimeaddr_node_addr);
  packetbuf_set_attr(PACKETBUF_ATTR_HOPS, 1);
  packetbuf_set_attr(PACKETBUF_ATTR_TTL, MAX_HOPLIM);
  packetbuf_set_attr(PACKETBUF_ATTR_MAX_REXMIT, rexmits);

  if(tc->rtmetric == SINK) {
    packetbuf_set_attr(PACKETBUF_ATTR_HOPS, 0);
    if(tc->cb->recv != NULL) {
      tc->cb->recv(packetbuf_addr(PACKETBUF_ADDR_ESENDER),
		   packetbuf_attr(PACKETBUF_ATTR_EPACKET_ID),
		   packetbuf_attr(PACKETBUF_ATTR_HOPS));
    }
    return 1;
  } else {
    n = neighbor_best();
    if(n != NULL) {
#if CONTIKI_TARGET_NETSIM
      ether_set_line(n->addr.u8[0], n->addr.u8[1]);
#endif /* CONTIKI_TARGET_NETSIM */
      PRINTF("%d.%d: sending to %d.%d\n",
	     rimeaddr_node_addr.u8[0], rimeaddr_node_addr.u8[1],
	     n->addr.u8[0], n->addr.u8[1]);
      if(packetqueue_enqueue_packetbuf(&forwarding_queue, FORWARD_PACKET_LIFETIME,
				       tc)) {
	send_queued_packet();
	return 1;
      } else {
        PRINTF("%d.%d: drop originated packet: no queuebuf\n",
               rimeaddr_node_addr.u8[0], rimeaddr_node_addr.u8[1]);
      }
    } else {
      /*      printf("Didn't find any neighbor\n");*/
      PRINTF("%d.%d: did not find any neighbor to send to\n",
	     rimeaddr_node_addr.u8[0], rimeaddr_node_addr.u8[1]);
#if COLLECT_ANNOUNCEMENTS
      announcement_listen(1);
#endif /* COLLECT_ANNOUNCEMENTS */
      if(packetqueue_enqueue_packetbuf(&forwarding_queue, FORWARD_PACKET_LIFETIME,
				       tc)) {
	return 1;
      } else {
        PRINTF("%d.%d: drop originated packet: no queuebuf\n",
               rimeaddr_node_addr.u8[0], rimeaddr_node_addr.u8[1]);
      }
    }
  }
  return 0;
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int
collect_depth(struct collect_conn *tc)
{
  return tc->rtmetric;
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/** @} */